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Born into the German aristocracy, Galen received part of his education in Austria-Hungary from the Jesuits at Stella Matutina in the town of Feldkirch. After his ordination he worked in Berlin at St. He intensely disliked the secular liberal values of the Weimar Republic and opposed individualism, modernism, secular humanism, atheism, anarchism, communism, socialism, liberalism and democracy.

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A staunch German monarchist, conservative, nationalist, medievalist, traditionalist and patriot, he considered the Treaty of Versailles unjust and viewed Bolshevism as a threat to Germany and the Church. He espoused the stab-in-the-back theory : that the German military was defeated in only because it had been undermined by defeatist elements on the home front.

Galen began to criticize Hitler 's movement in He condemned the Nazi "worship of race" in a pastoral letter on 29 January , and assumed responsibility for the publication of a collection of essays which fiercely criticized Nazi ideologist Alfred Rosenberg and defended the teachings of the Catholic Church. In , von Galen delivered three sermons in which he denounced the arrest of Jesuits, the confiscation of church property, Nazi attacks on the Church, and in the third, fiercely condemned the state-approved mass killing in the involuntary euthanasia programme of persons with mental or physical defects Aktion T4.

Galen belonged to one of the oldest and most distinguished noble families of Westphalia. Until , Clemens August and his brother Franz were tutored at home. He was not an easy student to teach, and his Jesuit superior wrote to his parents: " Infallibility is the main problem with Clemens, who under no circumstance will admit that he may be wrong.

It is always his teachers and educators who are wrong. Because Prussia did not recognize the Stella Matutina academy, Clemens returned home in to attend a public school in Vechta and by both Clemens and Franz had passed the examinations that qualified them to attend a university. Upon graduation, his fellow students wrote in his yearbook: "Clemens doesn't make love or go drinking, he does not like worldly deceit.

In he began to study a variety of topics, including literature, history, and philosophy. One of his teachers was history professor and noted biblical archaeologist Johann Peter Kirsch.